Hofstede’s Cultural Dimension Model Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Questions: 1.Describe how Hofstedes five cultural dimensions could be used to explain the situation at Lees Company? 2.Discuss what; is anything Lee could do to remain at the company but continue to work in a manner which he felt comfortable. Explain your reasons? 3.How can the Korean Manager deal with more individualistic employees without losing the competitive advantage of the talented workforce? Answers: Professor Hofstedes cultural dimension model is a clear way of understanding the cultural differences that exist in the society. Lees case study explains his challenging situation at work which when described using Hofstedes model appears to be a regular occurrence. 1.The Power Distance Index (PDI) is the kind of gap that exists and is also accepted between those with and without power. A high PDI is people have received the bridge created by power and understand their position in the hierarchical distribution (Luger (2009)) low PDI, on the other hand, comes in when there is the equal and widespread distribution of power exists, and members of the society cannot accept when it is shared unequally. Lee is an employee who is answerable to his manager and has to obey the commands from above for a healthy working environment. There is, therefore, a high PDI in the company as workers have no much say to the running andmanagement of the business (Al-Sharqwi (2004).) Individualism versus collectivism as the name suggests explains the ties people have towards each other in an individual society. A high IDV comes in when people work towards their responsibilities and end up having weak interpersonal communication. Collectivism, on the other hand, people stick with a group and work towards the benefit of everyone involved. Lee seems to have a high IDV as he works alone, completes the chores and that might be the reason as to why he started receiving an unfriendly response(Marcus 2004, June) Masculinity versus femininity exists with the distribution of responsibilities between men and women. A masculine society has the expectations that men should be strong and prosperous, and there is no overlap between their roles and those of women. A feminine society, on the other hand, has a serious duplication and women feel that physical strength can be overcome by the mental intellect (McDonough (2011)). Lee might have masculinity due to the way he works alone to complete his chores before everyone else and head out. Like a mentality in a working relationship might cause issues especially to the people who feel that work should be shared and consulted. Uncertainty Avoidance Index is another dimension that explains the different ways that people deal with anxiety. With a high Uncertainty avoidance, individuals in the society strive to make their lives predictable, and when they cannot control them, they end up putting their fate in a super power like God (Migliore 2011). On a low UAI however, individuals tend to live a relaxed and open life as there is no fear of the unknown. Lees case has a high UAI as he already predicts the future of his working career and that worries him a lot to the extent that he wants to resign. Indulgence versus Restraint usually explains the extent to which a society regulates the behavior of its people. A society based on high IVR allows for individual gratification where everyone is free to have fun and make their own choices. However, on a level IVR, the society regulates peoples behaviors by enforcing strict norms. Lees company maintains a level IVR as he is instructed to get rid of his casual look and follow all the rules that relate to the working environment (Pierenburg (2011)) 2.Considering the dimensions mentioned above, Lee can still maintain his current job and get comfortable. He should first change his perspective about work and observe the people close to him for information. It is clear that Korea is different from Australia in the way people conduct themselves as his behaviors seem to affect others in a negative way (Taras 2010). The power Index should be his first consideration whereby he should be humble and give his superiors all the respect they deserve. It is okay for him to question issues like the decisions made but respectfully to have his voice heard. The reason as to why he is giving good suggestions and none of them are getting implemented might be because of the way he relates to his superiors (Taras 2010) Collectiveness is again an important dimension to consider in working relationship because of a good relationship with the team maneuvers success. Lee should, therefore, involve his colleagues by asking for their views on his projects and engage them in making them feel useful. He should also consider making a personal relationship with each one of them to improve the relationship. The restraint dimension will also apply in this case, and he should try and fit in the group instead of standing out which makes him a target of hatred (Jones 2007). Some employees would like to dye their hair and wear casual jeans as Lee does, but it is not acceptable. When Lee does the opposite of everyone, then the others feel that he thinks of himself unique and thus the kind of treatment he receives. He can, however, suggest to themanagement on the acceptance of casual wear to give everyone an equal basis, and not Lee alone. 3.The Korean manager also has a role to play in ensuring that he can take control of his work force. Some employee like Lee work differently, and since their skills are required, thenmanagement should take all chances to maintain them (Wu 2006.)The manager can, for example, demonstrate to Lee, the importance of team work by comparing the quality of work from an individual and that produced by a group. Since the company requires great ideas in the sectors of finances, sales and marketing, expansion and other areas, then consultation is necessary. Lee should, therefore, be given valid reasons as to why working together brings success in any organizations (Marcus 2004, June) He should also make sure that the employee feels welcome in the environment to allow him to share with the rest of the team. Lee might be shying off from the group due to fear of ridicule and criticism. It is therefore good to encourage the team to receive a new employee and advise him according to the lifestyle of the organization. Hofstedes cultural dimensions are therefore applicable in our day to day activities depending on the perception of the society that everyone resides. Lees case study is a good explanation as to why people should try to understand each others perspective and work towards making everyone comfortable. A working relationship can only be satisfying if the views and ideas of each person are put into consideration. References Al-Sharqwi, SY (2004)., Hofstede's cultural dimensions and work-related values in Kuwait: implications for employment policy. Jones, ML 2007, Hofstede-culturally questionable?. Luger, E (2009), Hofsteede's Cultural Dimensions.,. Mu?nchenGRIN Verlag GmbH. Marcus, AABVJ 2004, June, A practical set of culture dimensions for global user-interface development. In Asia-Pacific Conference on Computer Human Interaction , 252261st edn, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. McDonough, S (2011), Connecting visual design and Hofstede's cultural dimensions: the United States, Latin America and Spain. , University of Central Florida. , Orlando, Fla,. Migliore, LA 2011, 'Relation between big five personality traits and Hofstede's cultural dimensions: Samples from the USA and India. ', An International Journal, vol 18(1), no. Cross Cultural Management: , pp. pp.38-54. Pierenburg, K (2011), Critical analysis of Hofstede's model of cultural dimensions to what extent are his findings reliable, valid and applicable to organisations in the 21st century?, Mu?nchen, GRIN Verlag GmbH. Taras, V,KBLASP, 2010, Examining the impact of Culture's consequences: a three-decade, multilevel, meta-analytic review of Hofstede's cultural value dimensions. Wu, M, 2006., 'Hofstede's cultural dimensions 30 years later: A study of Taiwan and the United States. ', vol 15(1), no. Intercultural Communication Studies, p. p.33.

What Nonfiction Writers Can Learn From Fiction - The Writers For Hire

WHAT NONFICTION WRITERS CAN LEARN FROM FICTION Have you ever read a fiction book that you just couldn’t put down? The author probably used some techniques to make it a page-turner. The thing is, while fiction books are known for keeping people up all night because they have to get to the end, nothing says that a nonfiction book can’t be just as engrossing. But if you’re going to write a nonfiction book that people can’t put down, you’ll have to use some of the fiction techniques in your book. Is it possible to write a nonfiction page-turner? You bet. 10 Fiction Techniques You Should Use in Your Nonfiction Book Fiction writers are experts at keeping the reader interested and turning the page. Here are ten fiction writing tips that you can use to add some life and excitement to your nonfiction book. 1. Get Their Attention Immediately If you’re like me, you like to read the first sentence or paragraph of a fiction book before you decide whether or not to read it. If it catches your attention, there’s a good chance that you’ll like the book. But if it doesn’t, it may end up back on the shelf. So, why do so many nonfiction books start out flatlined? It’s likely because the author hasn’t yet figured out that grabbing the attention of the reader is just as important in nonfiction as it is in fiction. Let’s use some fiction opening line examples to learn how to surprise and delight our readers with this technique in nonfiction. Fiction Example #1 â€Å"Many years later, as he faced the firing squad, Colonel Aureliano Buendia was to remember that distant afternoon when his father took him to discover ice.† This line is from â€Å"One Hundred Years of Solitude,† written by Gabriel Garcia Marquez. When you read it, you’re instantly intrigued because: You know the character will face a firing squad and you want to know why. Is he a bad guy, or a good guy caught up in an unjust situation? The idea of someone discovering ice is intriguing. Why didn’t the character know about it before? Does he live someplace where ice doesn’t exist? Fiction Example #2 â€Å"Once upon a time, there was a woman who discovered she had turned into the wrong person.† This opening line is from Anne Tyler’s book, â€Å"Back When We Were Grownups.† It works because: The term, â€Å"Once upon a time is how fairytales typically begin, so it’s unusual for a modern novelHow did a woman suddenly discover she wasn’t who she wanted to be? What happened? Tell me more! As you can see, the authors who wrote these novels captured the reader’s attention from the first sentence. Chances are, that’s why the books have taken their places as great novels. Now, let’s look at an example of a great opening line from a nonfiction book: Nonfiction Example #1 â€Å"Tuesday, September 16, 2008, was the day after Lehman.† That line is from â€Å"Crashed,† by Adam Tooze. Why is it so powerful? The book details the account of the financial crash, and as soon as you read the opening line, you understand that it’s not going to be a boring book that you have to plow through. It starts the same way successful novels do: in the middle of a story. Nonfiction Example #2 â€Å"As the lights went out in Western Ukraine on Christmas Eve 2015, Andy Ozment had a queasy feeling.† This opening line is from a book called â€Å"The Perfect Weapon,† by David E. Sanger. Although you wouldn’t know it from the opening line, the book has the potential to be a little dull. It’s about cyber weapons and geopolitics. In fact, in the hands of another author, it could have been another dry read. But it became a bestseller. Here’s why this opening line works: It starts with a mystery. Why did the lights go out on Christmas Eve in Ukraine? And why would that make Ozment queasy?It makes you want to keep reading to find out what’s happening. As you can see, opening lines are just as important for nonfiction books as they are for fiction books. Does your book catch the reader’s attention right away? If not, you should probably rewrite it so it does. 2. Make Sure Your Table of Contents (TOC) Sells Your Book Have you ever scanned the TOC in a nonfiction book before you decide to read it? If you’re like most people, you have. And when we do that, we expect two things: for the contents of the book to flow in a logical order, and to find out what information the book holds. Your TOC should be arranged in an order that makes sense to your reader. If you’ve never created a TOC before, you can choose from the following prompts and write down at least ten ideas from the one you choose. Then decide how to arrange them to create your TOC in a way that makes sense to readers. Questions that readers may have about the topicProblems your readers have and how you will solve themGeneral topics you want to cover in the bookBenefits readers will realize from the book 3. Include Stories — Lots of Them Stories aren’t just for the opening line a nonfiction book. Take a cue from fiction writers and tell stories throughout your book to keep the reader engaged. This is appropriate for any topic. For instance, if you are writing a book about how to sew slipcovers for furniture, tell the stories of people who have done it successfully — and of those who failed at it. Use the stories to teach the reader and keep them turning those pages. If you can start each chapter with a big story and then include smaller stories in the subchapters, you’ll keep the reader engaged and moving along. 4. Write Tight so the Book Moves When an author is unsure of the direction of his book, he often adds fluff. Fluff is nonessential words that only serve to fill space. The use of fluff is death to a successful book — fiction or nonfiction. Instead, every word that you include in your book should matter. When you write tight sentences without a lot of unnecessary words, the reader will stay engaged and keep turning the pages. On the other hand, when you fill the pages with a lot of fluff, it weighs down the book and leads to reader dissatisfaction. Here’s an example: Tight writing: I poured dog food into Lucy’s bowl and watched her inhale it.Writing with fluff: I walked across the room and pulled out the bag of dog food from the cabinet. Then, I walked back across the room and poured some into Lucy’s bowl. She ate it really fast, and I stepped back in surprise. 5. Show Don’t Tell If you know anything about fiction writing, you know that you should never tell the reader what’s going on. Instead, you should always show them through the character’s actions. If you use the same technique in your nonfiction book, readers will enjoy it more. Here’s how it works: Telling: In 2010, my company had a horrible day because we suffered a loss in the tens of millions of dollars. I quickly called over my employees and told them that they needed to start looking for other jobs.Showing: It was 2010, and the day continued to spiral downward. After learning about the magnitude of the losses we’d incurred, I gathered my employees around me and broke the news that they should start looking elsewhere for employment. While it’s true that you have to â€Å"tell† sometimes in a nonfiction book, it will make your book stand out from the crowd if you also â€Å"show† the reader along the way. It breaks up the monotony and keeps them interested in what you have to say. 6. Give Them an Experience Have you ever read a book and as you got closer to the end, you dreaded the moment you read the last page? It happens a lot with fiction books, but some non-fiction books leave you with the same feeling. For instance, in Tim Feriss’ 4-Hour Workweek, the reader is transported to a life with little work and a whole lot of play. By the time you finish the book, you feel as if you’ve been on vacation somewhere in the tropics. And the book’s topic? Outsourcing. 7. Introduce Some Characters People relate to people, and if you’re going to write a successful nonfiction book, you will have to introduce some characters to your readers. They will want to spend some time with people who have experienced their problems and solved them. For instance, if you’re writing a book about dealing with the turbulent teenage years, introduce some parents and tell their stories. And if you tell more than one story about someone, they become a character in your book. The mom you introduce at the beginning of the book, who is having a difficult time dealing with her teenager can show up throughout the book as she progresses toward finding a solution. Your readers will get to know her as she travels the same path and reaches the solution they long for, and that will help them relate to her — and your book. 8. Don’t Forget the Questions Almost everyone who buys a nonfiction book has a question. And we can learn from our fiction friends how to go about answering them. Fiction writers use cliffhangers to keep an audience engaged. They talk about something but then leave the conclusion unanswered so readers will continue reading to find out how it ended. Nonfiction writers can ask questions of the reader — and then make them wait for the answer. It works just like a cliffhanger. For example, you can start your chapter with a story, and at the end of the story, ask a question. But instead of answering it right away, wait until the end of the chapter. People are hardwired to want answers to questions, and this method will keep them reading as one questions after another is asked — and later answered. 9. Go Deep If you go to Amazon and read the reviews for nonfiction books, one of the biggest complaints you’ll find (especially for indie-published books) is that the book only touches on the topic. Some nonfiction authors have a bad habit of only giving readers a portion of the answer they’re looking for. This is not the way to a successful book. Can you imagine a fiction writer telling only part of the story? Instead, you should dive deep into your subject matter and decide to write the most comprehensive book on the subject. When you’re creating your TOC, think of every question a reader may have and then set out to answer it. Take a look at all the bestselling nonfiction books and try to find one that only touches on the topic. Here’s a hint: you won’t find one. 10. You Need a Plot Finally, if you want to steal fiction writer’s best-kept secrets, here’s one you shouldn’t miss. Fiction books have a beginning, middle, and an end, and your book should, too. How you set this up is up to you, but once a reader reaches the end of the book, they should feel like the time they spent reading was well worth it. A nonfiction plot could look like this: Beginning: Set up the problem and explain why it’s so difficult to overcomeMiddle: Explain the various solutions to the problemEnd: Help the reader make the transition from problem to solution Let’s Start Writing Fiction writers shouldn’t have all the fun. Just because you’re writing a nonfiction book, that doesn’t mean you can’t use the time-proven techniques that fiction writers have perfected over the years. So, instead of writing a book that only relays the facts, why not write one that takes your readers on a journey? Here’s the truth: you’ll have more fun writing it, and your readers will have the pleasure of reading a nonfiction book that feels effortless and enjoyable. What’s not to love about that?

History of Women Running for President

History of Women Running for President The history of women running for president in the United States spans 140 years, but only in the last five years has a female candidate been taken seriously as a viable contender or come within reach of a major party nomination. Victoria Woodhull - Wall Streets First Female Broker The first woman to run for President of the United States was something of an anomaly since women did not yet have the right to vote - and wouldnt earn it for another 50 years. In 1870, 31-year-old Victoria Woodhull had already made a name for herself as Wall Streets first female stockbroker when she announced she would run for President in the New York Herald. According to her 1871 campaign bio written by fellow reformer Thomas Tilton, she did so mainly for the purpose of drawing public attention to the claims of woman to political equality with man. Concurrent with her presidential campaign, Woodhull also published a weekly newspaper, rose to prominence as a leading voice in the suffrage movement and launched a successful speaking career. Nominated by the Equal Rights Party to serve as their candidate, she went up against the incumbent Ulysses S. Grant and Democratic nominee Horace Greeley in the 1872 election. Unfortunately, Woodhull spent Election Eve behind bars, charged with using the U.S. mails to utter obscene publication, namely to distribute her newspapers exposà © of the infidelities of prominent clergyman Rev. Henry Ward Beecher and the indiscretions of Luther Challis, a stockbroker who allegedly seduced adolescent girls. Woodhull triumphed over the charges against her but lost her presidential bid. Belva Lockwood - First Female Attorney to Argue Before Supreme Court Described by the U.S. National Archives as the first woman to run a full-fledged campaign for the presidency of the United States, Belva Lockwood possessed an impressive list of credentials when she ran for president in 1884. Widowed at age 22 with a 3-year-old, she put herself through college, earned a law degree, became the first woman admitted to the bar of the Supreme Court and the first female attorney to argue a case before the nations high court. She ran for president to promote womens suffrage, telling reporters that although she couldnt vote, nothing in the Constitution prohibited a man from voting for her. Nearly 5,000 did. Undaunted by her loss, she ran again in 1888. Margaret Chase Smith - First Woman Elected to House and Senate The first woman to have her name put in for nomination for the presidency by a major political party did not envision a career in politics as a young woman. Margaret Chase had worked as a teacher, telephone operator, office manager for a woolen mill and newspaper staffer before she met and married local politician Clyde Harold Smith at age 32. Six years later he was elected to Congress and she managed his Washington office and worked on behalf of the Maine GOP. When he died of a heart condition in April 1940, Margaret Chase Smith won the special election to fill out his term and was re-elected to the House of Representatives, then was elected to the Senate in 1948 - the first female Senator elected on her own merits (not a widow/not previously appointed) and the first woman to serve in both chambers. She announced her presidential campaign in January 1964, saying, â€Å"I have few illusions and no money, but I’m staying for the finish.† According to the Women in Congress website, At the 1964 Republican Convention, she became the first woman to have her name put in for nomination for the presidency by a major political party. Receiving the support of just 27 delegates and losing the nomination to Senate colleague Barry Goldwater, it was a symbolic achievement. Shirley Chisholm - First Black Woman to Run for President Eight years later Rep. Shirley Chisholm (D-NY) launched her presidential campaign for the Democratic nomination on January 27, 1972, becoming the first African American woman to do so. Although she was as committed as any major party male candidate, her run - like Chase Smiths nomination - was largely seen as symbolic. Chisholm did not identify herself as the candidate of the womens movement of this country, although I am a woman, and I am equally proud of that. Instead, she saw herself as the candidate of the people of America and acknowledged my presence before you now symbolizes a new era in American political history. It was a new era in more ways than one, and Chisholms use of that word may have been deliberate. Her campaign paralleled an increasing push for passage of the ERA (Equal Rights Amendment) initially introduced in 1923 but newly invigorated by the growing womens movement. As a presidential candidate, Chisholm took a bold new approach that rejected tired and glib cliches and sought to bring a voice to the disenfranchised. In operating outside the rules of the old boys club of career politicians, Chisholm did not have the backing of the Democratic party or its most prominent liberals. Yet 151 votes were cast for her at the 1972 Democratic National Convention. Hillary Clinton - Most Successful Female Candidate The most well-known and successful female presidential candidate to date has been Hillary Clinton. The former First Lady and junior Senator from New York announced she was running for President on January 20, 2007, and entered the race as the frontrunner for the 2008 nomination - a position she held until Senator Barack Obama (D-Illinois) wrested it from her in late 2007/early 2008. Clintons candidacy stands in marked contrast to earlier bids for the White House by accomplished women who were prominent and respected but who had little chance of winning. Michelle Bachmann - First Female GOP Frontrunner By the time Michele Bachmann announced her intent to run for president in the 2012 election cycle, her campaign was neither farfetched nor a novelty thanks to this longstanding sisterhood of female candidates who had previously paved the way. In fact, the only female candidate in the GOP field took an early lead after winning the Iowa Straw Poll in August 2011. Yet Bachmann barely acknowledged the contributions of her political foremothers and seemed reluctant to publicly credit them with laying the foundation that made her own candidacy possible. Only when her campaign was in its final days did she acknowledge the need to elect strong women to positions of power and influence. Sources Kullmann, Susan. Legal Contender: Victoria C. Woodhull, The Womens Quarterly (Fall 1988), pp. 16-1, reprinted at Feministgeek.com.Margaret Chase Smith. Office of History and Preservation, Office of the Clerk, Women in Congress, 1917–2006. U.S. Government Printing Office, 2007. Retrieved January 10, 2012.Norgren, Jill. Belva Lockwood: Blazing the Trail for Women in Law. Prologue Magazine, Spring 2005, Vol. 37, No. 1 at www. archives.gov.Tilton, Theodore. Victoria C. Woodhull, A Biographical Sketch. The Golden Age, Tract No. 3, 1871. victoria-woodhull.com. Retrieved 10 January 2012.first woman to run for US President.

The Many Uses of Swipe

The Many Uses of Swipe The Many Uses of â€Å"Swipe† The Many Uses of â€Å"Swipe† By Maeve Maddox Ben writes: I have noticed the changing in usage of words. When I was growing up â€Å"to swipe a card† (credit cards were not around then) meant to steal it and now you see the term â€Å"swipe the customers card.† No one’s quite sure where this word swipe originated. It’s kin to sweep and swoop. All three words suggest a wide sweeping motion. They can be used as nouns or as verbs. A batter takes a swipe at the ball. (noun) A waiter swipes a table with a towel. (verb) A hawk swoops down on a chicken. (verb) Macduff, learning of the murder of his family, cries: All? What, All my pretty Chickens, and their Damme, At one fell swoope?† (noun) A housewife sweeps the steps. (verb) An opera diva sweeps onto the stage in a long gown. (verb) A card player makes a clean sweep of all the stakes. (noun) The compound noun sweepstakes, meaning â€Å"prize won in a race or contest† entered the language in 1773. An earlier form of the word, swepestake existed in Middle English with the meaning â€Å"one who sweeps or wins all the stakes in a game.† King Henry VII of England had a ship with that name. The verb sideswipe, â€Å"to strike with a glancing blow,† dates from 1917. Its most common use is in speaking of vehicles: His mother was sideswiped by a driver in a green pickup truck. Swipe with the meaning of â€Å"to steal† is a latecomer, dating from 1889. This meaning is said to have originated as theatrical slang used of actors stealing jokes or stage routines from one another. Like Ben, I would have thought, growing up, that â€Å"to swipe a card† meant to steal it. That sense of swipe is still current. Swipe meaning â€Å"to run a credit card† came into use in the 1990s. In practice there’s probably not much chance of confusing the two meanings because context will make the difference clear: I swiped my credit card. The clerk swiped my credit card. Somebody swiped my credit card. Another popular use of swipe in the expression â€Å"to take a swipe at† with the meaning â€Å"to criticize† or â€Å"to make a verbal attack on† or even, perhaps, as in the Google quotation below, â€Å"to threaten†: Lindsey Graham Takes Another Swipe At Glenn Beck Google Takes Another Swipe at Newspapers And Magazines With Fast Flip The Vampire Diaries takes a swipe at Stephenie Meyers Twilight The New Yorker takes a swipe at  everyone Clearly swipe is a word we like to use in a variety of contexts. My only suggestion is that I’d avoid using swipe as a synonym for â€Å"to steal† in a serious context. It’s acceptable enough when used in a non-larcenous context among friends: Who swiped the last donut? He was drinking, so I swiped his car keys. Used of real crimes of theft, it becomes a euphemism to soften a vicious act. For example, this headline about the two juveniles who stole weapons from a gun cabinet and went on to murder five people and wound ten others: School shooters swiped guns from unlocked rack and these: Criminals swipe cables to cash in on soaring value of scrap metal the victim left his building, which is near 75th Street, the night before only to return at 10 am to discover his vintage basketball cards, valued at $2,000, had been swiped. I see no reason to avoid the stronger and more precise word steal in such contexts. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Punctuating â€Å"So† at the Beginning of a Sentence"Have" vs "Having" in Certain Expressions50 Synonyms for "Song"

Micro Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Micro - Essay Example Since the company’s inception into business in 1982, it has grown massively through collaborating, internal development, and strategic acquisition with industry leaders. Throughout this growth, the company has expanded its technological expertise alongside greater understanding of their customer needs. In supporting its employees, the organization rewards and supports them through a program, â€Å"Total Reward†. In the program, there are comprehensive benefits, world-class training programs, recognition programs, international career opportunities, and employee health and wellness initiatives. On an ethical basis, it was wrong for Edmondson to have taken such steps as lying about his qualifications. It was unprofessional of him as a leader to be caught committing such acts as driving while intoxicated. The company to clear its name it should have made Edmondson apologize to the public after his apology to the board before his resignation. The situation affected the corporation investors, board of directors and top executives. There concerns for the board of directors and top executives were concerned whether the questions they were holding out about former CEO Edmondson would be one day answered to their gratification. On the other hand, the investors were concerned with why after Edmondson appointment as CEO the company struggled with lagging stock price and flat sales. The investors’ concerns were affecting the board of directors on their credibility in being able to assess the employees properly before carrying out promotions. The board’s decision was â€Å"tough† this because Edmondson had worked for the company over ten years and had created a good reputation towards all the company stakeholders prior to the newspaper story. Mr. Roberts described this situation as such because he believed that he had made the right choice in selecting, grooming, and mentoring Edmondson as his successor only for such a story to destroy all that

Stress Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Stress - Research Paper Example Some people worry too much, and this constant worrying about different problems leads the person to be uncomfortable and anxious. Fatigue and overwork can also have affects that cause stress. People might feel stressed out when they find out that they have worked for too long, but without a credible accomplishment, or when time isnt on their side and they fail to achieve what they had set out to do. If these problems reach a point where a person experiences stress, stress may lead to depression, among other consequences. Depression may also be brought upon by the person himself. If somebody failed at what he set out to do, he might not think of himself as highly as he did before and fail to achieve congruence. He might constantly blame himself for everything unpleasant in his life, and that causes the person to have a lack of self-confidence. This person might also be fearful and suspicious of himself and other people he interacts with. Depression itself has its own consequences and affects, and one of the most dangerous affects might lead the depressed person to commit suicide. The Japanese society is a fine example of how the chain of overwork, stress and depression all take part in causing a person to become suicidal. The typical Japanese workingman leaves in the morning for a full day of work until nightfall where he might go out with his co-workers then set out to take a late train back home where he sleeps late and wakes up for another morning. Among the Japanese working population, almost 63% work as employees in different companies. This means that more than half of the working force of Japan experiences almost the same working routine. This sort of lifestyle is very stressful and demanding, and causes a person to become exhausted and depressed. This kind of depression could lead to suicide, which is why Japan has one of the worlds

Dispostional Personality Theories Essay Example for Free

Dispostional Personality Theories Essay The two most common dispositional theories are Allport’s psychology of the individual theory and the trait and factor theory. Allport’s psychology of the individual theory emphasized that people are unique, even though they may share traits in common, and those unique qualities are what should be focused on. â€Å"More than any other personality theorist, Gordon Allport emphasized the uniqueness of the individual. He believed that attempts to describe people in terms of general traits rob them of their unique individuality†. In order to focus on the individuals uniqueness Allport felt that a broad theory is more useful than a narrow one and he would use information from different theorist in his research. For many years there has been much debate about how many traits actually have an effect on an individual’s personality. In recent years the majority of theorist have come to the conclusion that five is the magic number. Esyneck, McCrae, and Costa have focused their studies on the trait and facto theory and have done much research using standardized tests, clinical observations, and observations from friends and families of the individuals studied. â€Å"Trait and factor theories of personality are based on factor analysis, a procedure that assumes that human traits can be measured by correlational studies†. Each of these theories have different approaches to explaining an individual’s behavior. Both Allport’s psychology of the individual theory and the trait and factor theory have its own effect on individual personalities. Interpersonal relationships are influenced by each of these theories in its own way as well.